Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back (1–3999)
Roman Numeral Converter is a free online browser-based utility designed to convert numbers to roman numerals and back (1–3999). All computations, processing, and rendering happen completely inside your browser client, ensuring your data is kept secure and private.
Enter a whole number from 1 to 3999 and the Roman numeral is shown. The value is built from the symbols I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500 and M=1000. For example, 2026 is MMXXVI, and 1994 is MCMXCIV.
Switch to Roman to Number and type the numeral, such as MMXXVI. Add symbol values from left to right, but when a smaller symbol comes before a larger one, subtract it. So IV is 4 and XC is 90. The tool accepts only standard forms.
Standard Roman numerals use M as the largest symbol and repeat a symbol at most three times, so the largest number is MMMCMXCIX, which is 3999. Larger values need a vinculum bar over a letter to multiply by 1000, which is not part of the basic system.
The tool accepts only standard subtractive notation, so 4 is IV rather than IIII, and 9 is IX. Some clock faces use IIII, but non-canonical spellings like IIII or VX are rejected as invalid so results are unambiguous.
They use subtraction: 4 is IV, 9 is IX, 40 is XL, 90 is XC, 400 is CD and 900 is CM. A smaller symbol placed before a larger one is subtracted from it, and only I, X and C are used in this way.
No. The Romans had no symbol for zero, and the standard system starts at 1. Some medieval writers used the Latin word nulla, but it is not part of ordinary numerals, so this tool covers 1 to 3999 only.
No. Toolskyt operates under a zero-server policy. All calculations, data formatting, and file exports are executed locally on your machine.
No, this tool is 100% free. There are no limits, sign-ups, subscriptions, or hidden charges required.